Difference between revisions of "Dido and Aeneas"

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{{Short description|Dido's lament by Henry Purcell}}<!-- no repetition of page title-->
{{Short description|opera by Henry Purcell}}<!-- no repetition of page title-->
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{{Infobox musical composition
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| type                = Tragic opera
| type                = Tragic opera
| composer            = [[Henry Purcell]]
| composer            = [[Henry Purcell]]
| image              = Cover dido and aeneas.jpg
| image              = Johann Heinrich Tischbein - Dido on the Pyre, 1775.jpg
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| image_size          =  
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| alt                = Johann Heinrich Tischbein - Dido on the Pyre, 1775
| border              = <!-- Set to yes for a border -->
| border              = <!-- Set to yes for a border -->
| caption            =  
| caption            = Johann Heinrich Tischbein, ''Dido on the Pyre'', 1775
| translation        =  
| translation        =  
| native_name        =  
| native_name        =  
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| meter              =  
| meter              =  
| time                = <!-- time signature if unusual or worth mentioning -->
| time                = <!-- time signature if unusual or worth mentioning -->
| composed            = <ref name="Wiki"/><!-- {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}}|end_date={{End date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}}|location=}} -->
| composed            = <!-- {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}}|end_date={{End date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}}|location=}} -->
| dedication          =  
| dedication          =  
| performed          = <!-- {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}}|location=}} -->
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| instrumental        =  
| instrumental        =  
| comment            =  
| comment            =  
| premiere_date      = spring 1689
| premiere_date      = Between December 1687 and summer of 1689<ref name="EnglishWiki"/>
| premiere_location  = Mr. Josias Priest's Boarding School for Girls ( Chelsea , London )
| premiere_location  = Mr. Josias Priest's Boarding School for Girls ( Chelsea , London )
| premiere_conductor  =  
| premiere_conductor  =  
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}}
}}


''[[Dido and Aeneas]]'' is an Opera by [[Henry Purcell]]. Set to words by [[Nahum Tate]], the opera follows Dido's – the Queen of Carthage's – fate. '''''Stay, prince, and hear great Jove's command''''' are the opening lines of a sprite. At evil witches' bidding and disguised as Mercury, the messenger of the Gods, he commands Aeneas to leave Carthage – and Dido, its queen. Abandoned by her lover Aeneas, she dies; the witches triumph.<ref name="Score"/>
''[[Dido and Aeneas]]'' is an Opera by [[Henry Purcell]] set to words by [[Nahum Tate]]. It premiered between 1687 and 1689<ref name="EnglishWiki"/>. The claim by John Hawkins, made in ''The General History of the Science and Practice of Music'' that the opera was first performed in 1675, so Purcell would have been 19 years old at its creation<ref name="Hawkins"/>, a claim that is quoted by G. Alexander MacFarren, professor of harmony at the Royal Academy of Music and editor of the first printed edition ({{circa}} 1841<ref name="Score"/>), cannot be consolidated and conflicts with the Zimmermann catalogue<ref name="Zimmermann"/>
<ref name="Wiki"/>


The piece appears in Act II, Scene III of the opera. The original stage direction reads: "The neighbourhood of Carthage, with distant view of the sea. Enter &AElig;neas passing towards the city. A Spirit appears, suddenly interrupting his progress."<ref name="Score"/>
[[File:Cover dido and aeneas.jpg|thumb|alt=The cover of the edition by the Musical Antiquarian Society edited by McFarren showing the (probably erroneous) date of 1675|The cover of the edition by the Musical Antiquarian Society edited by McFarren showing the (probably erroneous) date of 1675]]


Teh recitative "Stay, prince, and hear great Jove's command ..." does not appear on any Album. There has been a radio [[Dido and Aeneas, Théatre du Châtelet|broadcast with the great Jessye Norman]].
''Dido and Aeneas'', after its first set of performances, was never again performed in Purcell's lifetime.<ref name="EnglishWiki"/>


==Libretto==
==Synopsis==
<!-- The box above is defined in Template:Custom/songinfo.css -->
The opera follows Dido's – the Queen of Carthage's – fate. In Purcell's and Tate's version, the call for Aeneas to abandon Dido is the work of evil witches', who hat "all in proper state".<ref name="Score"/> At their bidding and disguised as Mercury, the messenger of the Gods, he commands Aeneas to leave Carthage – and Dido, its queen. Abandoned by her lover Aeneas, she dies; the witches triumph.<ref name="Score"/>
<!-- The classes of the libretti are defined in Template:Custom/pjwiki.css -->
 
<!-- Place <div class="wrapperlibretti"> on top of the libretto and close it in the end.-->
==Roles and premiere cast==
<!-- Use Template:Libretti, not custom HTML on the page.-->
{| class="wikitable"
<div class="seventeenth">
!Role
{{Song header <!-- use of this template automatically includes Template:Custom/songinfo.css -->
!Voice type
| title            = Stay, prince, and hear great Jove's command
|-
| english-title    =
|Dido (also known as Elissa), ''Queen of Carthage''
| composer        = [[Henry Purcell]]
|soprano or mezzo-soprano
| lyricist        = [[Nahum Tate]]
|-
| work            =
|Belinda, ''Dido's sister and handmaid''
| catalogue        = Z. 626
|light soprano
| role            =
|-
}}
|Second Woman, ''Another Handmaiden''
</div>
|soprano or mezzo-soprano
{{Clear|left}}
|-
<div class="wrapperlibretti">
|Aeneas, ''Trojan Prince''
<!--IMPORTANT! Credit your own translations in any way you want. Uncredited translations may cause us problems.-->
|tenor or high baritone
{{Libretti
|-
| country =United Kingdom
|Sorceress/Sorcerer
| language-note =
|mezzo-soprano, contralto, countertenor or bass
| libretto-text =<poem>'''Spirit'''  
|-
Stay, prince, and hear great Jove's command –
|First Witch/Enchantress
He summons thee this nght away.
|mezzo-soprano
'''&AElig;neas'''
|-
Tonight?
|Second Witch/Enchantress
'''Spirit'''
|mezzo-soprano
Tonight thou must forsake this land,
|-
The angry Gods will brook no longer stay –
|Spirit, ''in form of Mercury''
Jove commands thee waste no more
|soprano or countertenor
In Love's delights those precious hours
|-
Allow'd by the almighty powers
|First Sailor
To gain the Latian shore,
|tenor
And ruin'd Troy restore.
|-
'''&AElig;neas'''
|colspan="3"|Chorus, SATB: all members at one point or another represent ''courtiers, witches, cupids, and sailors.''
Jove's command must be obey'd,
|}(Table taken from English Wikipedia<ref name="EnglishWiki"/>)
Tonight our anchors shall be weigh'd.<ref name="Score"/></poem>
}}{{Libretti
| country =Germany
| language-note =
| libretto-text =<poem>{{lang|de|'''Geist'''
Halt, Prinz! Höre des großen Jupiters Befehl -
Er ruft dich diese Nacht hinweg.
'''Æneas'''
Heute Nacht?
'''Geist'''
Heute Nacht musst du dieses Land verlassen;
Die zornigen Götter dulden keinen längeren Verbleib -
Jupiter befiehlt dir, nicht mehr mit Liebesfreuden zu vergeuden,  
Die kostbaren Stunden,  
Die dir die allmächtigen Götter gewähren,
Um die latinische Küste zu erobern
und das zerstörte Troja zu erneuern.
'''Æneas'''
Jupiters Befehl muss Folge geleistet werden,
Heute Nacht befehle ich, die Anker zu lichten.}}<ref name="FR"/></poem>}}
</div>
{{Clear|left}}


==RSIM (Répertoire International des Sources Musicales) – OPAC==
==RSIM (Répertoire International des Sources Musicales) – OPAC==
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:Verlag:members of the Musical Antiquarian Society
:Verlag:members of the Musical Antiquarian Society
:Original aus:Bayerische Staatsbibliothek
:Original aus:Bayerische Staatsbibliothek
{{cite book
:{{cite book
  |last=
  |last=
  |first=
  |first=
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  |archive-date={{date|2021-10-01|MDY}}
  |archive-date={{date|2021-10-01|MDY}}
  |quote=}}<ref name="IMSLP"/>
  |quote=}}<ref name="IMSLP"/>
==''Dido and Aeneas'' in Philippe Jaroussky's discography, filmography and performance history==
===Solo Albums/Recital albums===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="zebra
! Year
! Title
! Album
|-
| [[2021]]
| "[[When I am laid in earth]]" (Dido's lament)
| [[À sa guitare (Album)]]
|}
<!-- ===Compilations===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="zebra
! Year
! Album
|-
|
|
|}
===Videos===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="zebra
! Year
! Production
|-
|
|
|}
-->
===Concert programs===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="zebra
! Year
! Concert Program
|-
| [[2021]] &dash; [[2022]]
| "[[When I am laid in earth]]" (Dido's lament)
| [[À sa guitare (Concert program)]]
|-
|[[2006]]
| "[[Stay, prince, and hear great Jove's command]]"
| [[Dido and Aeneas, Théatre du Châtelet]]
|}
===Complete list of musical numbers from ''Dido and Aeneas''===
This listing only contains the musical pieces performed and/or recorded by Philippe Jaroussky.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="zebra"
! Year published or performed
! title
! Album, Video or Concert Program
! Year first published/performed
|-
| [[2021]]
| "[[When I am laid in earth]]"
| [[À sa guitare (Album)]]
| Between December 1687 and summer of 1689<ref name="EnglishWiki"/>
|-
| [[2021]] &dash; [[2022]]
| "[[When I am laid in earth]]"
| [[À sa guitare (Concert program)]]
| Between December 1687 and summer of 1689<ref name="EnglishWiki"/>
|-
| [[2006]] (performed)
| "[[Stay, prince, and hear great Jove's command]]"
| [[Dido and Aeneas, Théatre du Châtelet]]
| Between December 1687 and summer of 1689<ref name="EnglishWiki"/>
|}


==References==
==References==
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  |archive-date={{date|2021-10-01|MDY}}
  |archive-date={{date|2021-10-01|MDY}}
  |quote=}}</ref>
  |quote=}}</ref>
<ref name="FR">German translation: FR, 2021</ref>
 
<ref name="Wiki">{{cite web
|url=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dido_y_Eneas
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007235330/https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dido_y_Eneas
|title=Dido and Aeneas
|last=
|first=
|date=
|website=Wikipedia
|publisher=
|access-date={{date|2021-10-8|MDY}}
|archive-date={{date|2021-10-8|MDY}}
|quote=
}}
</ref>
<ref name="Score">{{cite book
<ref name="Score">{{cite book
  |last=
  |last=
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  |publisher=members of the Musical Antiquarian Society, at Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, originally from the University of Wisconsin - Madison
  |publisher=members of the Musical Antiquarian Society, at Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, originally from the University of Wisconsin - Madison
  |page= <!-- or pages= -->
  |page= <!-- or pages= -->
|isbn=
}}</ref>
<ref name="EnglishWiki">
{{cite web
|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dido_and_Aeneas
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801163213/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dido_and_Aeneas
|title=Dido and Aeneas
|last=
|first=
|date=
|website=Wikipedia
|publisher=
|access-date={{date|2021-10-8|MDY}}
|archive-date={{date|2021-10-8|MDY}}
|quote=
}}
</ref>
<ref name="Zimmermann">
{{cite web
|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Henry_Purcell(Purcell%2C_Henry)
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008135655/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Henry_Purcell
|title=List of compositions by Henry Purcell
|last=
|first=
|date=
|website=Wikipedia
|publisher=
|access-date={{date|2021-10-01|MDY}}
|archive-date={{date|2021-10-01|MDY}}
|quote=}}</ref>
<ref name="Hawkins">
{{cite book
|last=Hawkins
|first=John
|author-link=
|date=1776
|title=A General History of the Science and Practice of Music
|url=https://www.google.de/books/edition/A_General_History_of_the_Science_and_Pra/YJw4HPr9Je4C?hl=de&gbpv=0
|location=
|publisher=
|page= 499<!-- or pages= -->
  |isbn=
  |isbn=
}}</ref>
}}</ref>

Latest revision as of 19:18, 13 October 2021

Dido and Aeneas
Tragic opera by Henry Purcell
Johann Heinrich Tischbein - Dido on the Pyre, 1775
Johann Heinrich Tischbein, Dido on the Pyre, 1775
CatalogueZ. 626
LibrettoNahum Tate
LanguageEnglish
Based onBrutus of Alba (1678) and Volume IV of the Eneida by Virgil
Premiere
DateBetween December 1687 and summer of 1689[1]
LocationMr. Josias Priest's Boarding School for Girls ( Chelsea , London )

Dido and Aeneas is an Opera by Henry Purcell set to words by Nahum Tate. It premiered between 1687 and 1689[1]. The claim by John Hawkins, made in The General History of the Science and Practice of Music that the opera was first performed in 1675, so Purcell would have been 19 years old at its creation[2], a claim that is quoted by G. Alexander MacFarren, professor of harmony at the Royal Academy of Music and editor of the first printed edition (c. 1841[3]), cannot be consolidated and conflicts with the Zimmermann catalogue[4]

The cover of the edition by the Musical Antiquarian Society edited by McFarren showing the (probably erroneous) date of 1675
The cover of the edition by the Musical Antiquarian Society edited by McFarren showing the (probably erroneous) date of 1675

Dido and Aeneas, after its first set of performances, was never again performed in Purcell's lifetime.[1]

Synopsis

The opera follows Dido's – the Queen of Carthage's – fate. In Purcell's and Tate's version, the call for Aeneas to abandon Dido is the work of evil witches', who hat "all in proper state".[3] At their bidding and disguised as Mercury, the messenger of the Gods, he commands Aeneas to leave Carthage – and Dido, its queen. Abandoned by her lover Aeneas, she dies; the witches triumph.[3]

Roles and premiere cast

Role Voice type
Dido (also known as Elissa), Queen of Carthage soprano or mezzo-soprano
Belinda, Dido's sister and handmaid light soprano
Second Woman, Another Handmaiden soprano or mezzo-soprano
Aeneas, Trojan Prince tenor or high baritone
Sorceress/Sorcerer mezzo-soprano, contralto, countertenor or bass
First Witch/Enchantress mezzo-soprano
Second Witch/Enchantress mezzo-soprano
Spirit, in form of Mercury soprano or countertenor
First Sailor tenor
Chorus, SATB: all members at one point or another represent courtiers, witches, cupids, and sailors.

(Table taken from English Wikipedia[1])

RSIM (Répertoire International des Sources Musicales) – OPAC

OCLC-Nummer = 2052805[5]

Manuscripts and sheet music

  • Score
Veröffentlicht:1841
Verlag:members of the Musical Antiquarian Society
Original aus:Bayerische Staatsbibliothek
Dido and Aeneas. members of the Musical Antiquarian Society, at Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, originally from the University of Wisconsin - Madison. 1841.
  • Sheet Music: Kalmus
Dido and Aeneas Opera in Three Acts
Vocal (Opera) Score with English Text
1961
Boosey & Hawkes
"Dido and Aeneas - An Opera in Three Acts". IMSLP. Retrieved October 1, 2021.
  • Sheet Music: IMSLP
"Dido and Aeneas, Z.626 (Purcell, Henry)". IMSLP. Retrieved October 1, 2021.[6]

Dido and Aeneas in Philippe Jaroussky's discography, filmography and performance history

Solo Albums/Recital albums

Year Title Album
2021 "When I am laid in earth" (Dido's lament) À sa guitare (Album)

Concert programs

Year Concert Program
2021 ‐ 2022 "When I am laid in earth" (Dido's lament) À sa guitare (Concert program)
2006 "Stay, prince, and hear great Jove's command" Dido and Aeneas, Théatre du Châtelet

Complete list of musical numbers from Dido and Aeneas

This listing only contains the musical pieces performed and/or recorded by Philippe Jaroussky.

Year published or performed title Album, Video or Concert Program Year first published/performed
2021 "When I am laid in earth" À sa guitare (Album) Between December 1687 and summer of 1689[1]
2021 ‐ 2022 "When I am laid in earth" À sa guitare (Concert program) Between December 1687 and summer of 1689[1]
2006 (performed) "Stay, prince, and hear great Jove's command" Dido and Aeneas, Théatre du Châtelet Between December 1687 and summer of 1689[1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "Dido and Aeneas". Wikipedia. Archived from the original on October 8, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2021.
  2. ↑ Hawkins, John (1776). A General History of the Science and Practice of Music. p. 499.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Dido and Aeneas. members of the Musical Antiquarian Society, at Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, originally from the University of Wisconsin - Madison. 1841.
  4. ↑ "List of compositions by Henry Purcell". Wikipedia. Archived from the original on October 1, 2021. Retrieved October 1, 2021.
  5. ↑ Dido and Aeneas. members of the Musical Antiquarian Society, at Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, originally from the University of Wisconsin - Madison. 1841.
  6. ↑ "Dido and Aeneas, Z.626 (Purcell, Henry)". IMSLP. Retrieved October 1, 2021.
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